Vocabulary and Grammar

Updated for shiur #28

Key Gemara Words and Phrases

agav: since, because			אגב
iglaei milta - the matter is revealed, understood	נגלה הדבר		אגלאי מלתא
a-dehakhi, meanwhile	בינתיים		אדהכי
Noun form of lokim, to establish or maintain. An ukimta refers to the specification of a (class of) case(s) in which a particular law applies. This usually serves to narrow the scope of the law and thus avoid a difficulty.			אוקימתא
Iy hakhi, if this is the case	אם כך		אי הכי
Iy salka da'atakh	אם תעלה על דעתך		אי סלקא דעתך
Iba'aya le-hu: They were asked a question.(a ba'aya)	נשאל מהם		איבעיא להו
Iba'it eima:  If you want I will say. (offers an alternative version or interpretation)	אם תרצה לומר		איבעית אימא
idei ve-idei: lit.:these and these, both of them	אלה ואלה		אידי ואידי
ayti, brings	מביא		אייתי
ika:  there is			איכא
ika beinayhu: is (or makes) [the difference] between them		ישנו ביניהם		איכא בינייהו
ika de-amri:  lit.  there are those who say.  This term indicates a different version of a sugya.	יש אומרים		איכא דאמרי
eima, say	אמור		אימא
itzrikha lei:  required [to teach]  it			איצטריכא ליה
Itmar – It is said. Generally used to introduce as Amoraic discussion that is independent (though often thematically connected) of the exposition of the mishna.			איתמר
ela, but, however			אלא
alma: it follows, consequently, therefore			אלמא
Im timtza lomar:  lit.  If you find to say.  Used to grant one side of a ba'aya in order to ask a further question.			אם תמצי לומר
amai: why, what for	מדוע		אמאי
amar mar: lit. the master (teacher) said, reference to a passage quoted above.			אמר מר
af al gav – even though			אף על גב
itrami:  [it] has happened	התרחש		אתרמי
be-anpei nafsha: by itself	בפני עצמו		באנפי נפשה
be-gava, be-gavyhu - [with] it, [with] them	בו, בהם		בגוה, בגוייהו
be-hadei:  with			בהדי
be-khi yutan - lit. "if it is put."  Reference to Vayikra 11:38 - "If any water is put upon seed, and any part of their carcass fall on it, it shal be tamei (impure) to you."  To say something is "be-khi yutan" is to say that it has come into contact with liquid under the appropriate circumstances such that is is now "mukhshar le-kabel tum'ah"  מוכשר לקבל טומאה, i.e., it is now capable of becoming tamei (ritually impure).			בכי יותן
Noun form of verb ba’ei, he inquires. A ba’aya is a clarifying question usually presented in the following form: Ba'ei R. _____ Option 1 O Dilma (Or possibly) Option 2			בעיה (בעי)
batzir – less			בציר
bishelama, it is all right, it is true, granted. The gemara usually uses the term bishelama in order to point to a problem elsewhere: e.g. bishelama x is the case, however, y is difficult for such and such a reason.	זה בסדר, זה נכון		בשלמא
batar, batrei:  after, after him	אחרי, אחריו		בתר, בתריה
batra:  the last	האחרון		בתרא
gufa: itself.  The term gufa is used in two ways: 1.  self-reference as here.  2.  As the introduction to a discussion of a topic that was referred to above.			גופא
gazlan, robber. A gazlan in halakha is one who steals openly such that the victim is aware of the theft while it is taking place. As opposed to a ganav (see above), a gazlan is merely required to return the lost object and does not pay kefel			גזלן
ganav, thief. A ganav in halakha is one who steals in secret, without the awareness of the victim. When he is caught he must return the stolen object and in addition must pay kefel, double, i.e. the value of the object, to the victim.			גנב
dumya - [it is] similar	דומה		דומיא
didan: ours	שלנו		דידן
dayka nami:  lit. also precisely; reference to a close reading of a source that supports a certain position.			דיקא נמי
dilma: perhaps, maybe	אולי		דלמא
hadadei:  one another, each other			הדדי
ha-hu gavra:  lit.  a certain man.  Opening of a story about some anonymous person.	האיש הזה		ההוא גברא
hava amina: I would have said (thought, supposed)	הייתי אומר		הוה אמינא
havei:  is			הוי
heikhi - how, what for	איך, כיצד		היכי
heichi dami – what is the case?, what is the situation referred to in the previous statement?			היכי דמי
hakha, here	כאן		הכא
hakha bemai akinan, what are we dealing with here	במה עוסקים אנחנו כאן		הכא במאי עסקינן
hakhi miba'i lei - [like] this it is necessary...	כך צריך		הכי מביעי ליה...
hakhi nami mistavra, this [is][a] plausible conclusion	כך גם מסתבר		הכי נמי מסתברא
hilkakh: therefore, hence			הלכך
hani, these	אלה		הני
hani milei: these things (words)	דברים אלה		הני מילי